Generation of interfacial instabilities in charged electrified viscous liquid films

This study is concerned with the stability of a two-dimensional incompressible conducting liquid film surrounded by a passive conducting medium, when an electric field is applied in a direction parallel to the initially flat bounding fluid interfaces. Currents generate charges at the bounding interfaces which in turn affect the stress balances there. In the absence of an electric field, the viscous liquid film is stable (instability can be induced by the inclusion of van der Waals forces for ultra thin films). A complete model is presented, at arbitrary Reynolds number, which accounts for conductivity and permittivity contrasts between the fluid and surrounding medium, as well as surface tension. The linear stability of the system is considered for arbitrary Reynolds numbers and it is shown that the stable film can become unstable if, (i) σ _R ɛ _p >1, or (ii) σ _R ɛ _p <1 and (σ _R −1)(1−ɛ _p )<0, where σ _R is the ratio of outer to inner conductivity and ε _p is the ratio of inner to outer permittivity. Instability is possible only if the electric field is non-zero and the scalings near bifurcation points that can be used to construct nonlinear theories are calculated. Several asymptotic limits are also considered including zero Reynolds numbers and short or long waves. The instability criteria given above are constructed explicitly in the case of Stokes flow.     

关于混凝土四面体截流材料的探讨

通过对比混凝土四面体与特大块石这两种截流材料的抗冲稳定性和施工的方便性,分析了混凝土四面体截流材料在工程应用中存在的问题。指出:①混凝土四面体密度、综合稳定系数、化引球形粒径都偏小,在龙口的抗冲稳定性不如特大块石;②混凝土四面体制作麻烦,成本高,占地面积大,装运困难,抛投强度低,施工不如特大块石方便;③在截流施工中宜优先使用特大块石,慎用混凝土四面体。     

过氧化甲乙酮合成研究

论述了过氧化甲乙酮的合成方法，用阳离子交换树脂催化剂代替传统的无机酸催化剂。考察了离子交换树脂用量、反应温度对反应产率、活性氧含量的影响及溶剂对产品稳定性的影响。     

Passivity‐based sliding mode control for nonlinear systems

Passivity with sliding mode control for a class of nonlinear systems with and without unknown parameters is considered in this paper. In fact, a method for deriving a nonlinear system with external disturbances to a passive system is considered. Then a passive sliding mode control is designed corresponding to a given storage function. The passivity property guarantees the system stability while sliding mode control techniques assures the robustness of the proposed controller. When the system includes unknown parameters, an appropriate updated law is obtained so that the new transformed system is passive. The passivation property of linear systems with sliding mode is also analysed. The linear and nonlinear theories are applied to a simple pendulum model and the gravity‐flow/pipeline system, respectively. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

抽水蓄能机组PSS参数设计与现场试验

围绕广东电网的暂态稳定问题进行了广东电网主要运行方式下的动稳定分析计算,得出抽水蓄能机组的机电振荡频率及其阻尼情况。根据广东电网和南方电网的振荡频率落在0．3～2．0 Hz的低频段上的特点,并结合蓄能电厂机组的参数与特性,经BPA潮流、稳定计算程序和小扰动动态稳定分析程序计算分析比较,对蓄能机组的PSS参数进行了初步设计。通过现场试验对抽水蓄能机组的PSS参数进行优化整定,检验PSS的性能以及在工况调整和转换过程中的适应能力。     

Decentralized adaptive coordinated control of multiple robot arms without using a force sensor

This paper presents a distributed adaptive coordinated control method for multiple robot arms grasping a common object. The cases of rigid contact and rolling contact are analyzed. In the proposed controller, the dynamic parameters of both object and robot arms are estimated adaptively. The desired motions of the robot arms are generated by an estimated object reference model. The control method requires only the measurements of the positions and velocities of the object and robot arms, but not the measurements of forces and moments at contact points. The asymptotic convergence of trajectory is proven by the Lyapunov-like Lemma. Experiments involving two robot arms handling a common object are shown.     

南宁市防洪堤江北西堤主要工程地质问题分析评价

该文通过对江北西堤工程地质条件及堤基土的物理力学性质的分析,对堤防的抗滑稳定、渗透及渗透稳定性、岸坡稳定性进行了评价,由此得出结论:所用的勘察手段、评价方法合理、恰当,取得了较好的工程效果,为类似工程提供借鉴并具指导意义。     

加氢处理润滑油基础油各组分对光安定性的影响

将经紫外光照前后的加氢处理润滑油基础油分离为饱和烃、轻质芳烃、中质芳烃、重质芳烃和极性组分，分别采用薄层色谱、质谱和紫外吸收光谱分析了各组分的烃组成、硫和氮含量的变化，并通过将从原料油中分离出的各组分反加到光安定性好的饱和烃中，试验验证了加氢处理润滑油基础油中的重质芳烃和极性组分是光不安定组分，其中含有硫、氮的芳香杂环化合物光安定性差。     

Adaptive switching supervisory control of nonlinear systems with no prior knowledge of noise bounds

The problem of controlling nonlinear noisy systems affected by parametric uncertainties is approached via the introduction of a supervisor which, whenever needed, switches on, in feedback to the plant, a controller selected from a finite set of predesigned controllers. A Lyapunov-based falsification criterion allows one to ensure robust stability in the presence of uncertain constant parameters and exogenous bounded disturbances. Simulations are discussed in order to illustrate the merits of the proposed algorithms.     

常压渣油热反应过程中胶体的稳定性

利用质量分数电导率方法研究了中东和克拉玛依常压渣油在热反应过程中胶体的稳定性。结果表明，随着反应时间的增长，在热反应生焦诱导期内，渣油的胶体稳定性迅速下降；开始生焦后，胶体稳定性缓慢下降。从中东常压渣油的SARA四组分的数均相对分子质量、碳氢元素组成、平均芳碳率等方面探讨了中东常压渣油在热反应过程中胶体稳定性下降的原因。结果表明，在热反应中，由于裂解和缩聚反应的共同作用，使渣油的沥青质和饱和分含量上升，芳香分含量下降，胶质含量变化不大；随着热反应的进行，四组分的数均相对分子质量均呈下降趋势，导致了渣油胶体稳定性的下降并发生生焦反应。